Effective Speaking Skills

————————————————- Effective Speaking Skills ————————————————- the basics for The Ice-breaker The icebreaker! (Aurora Australis) No not that one†¦ You’re first speech as a Toastmaster and, arguably, you’re most important. The icebreaker is the pretext for all speeches to follow and the one in which you’re good and bad speaking habits are identified. My talk tonight will include the Icebreakers; Purpose, structure and provide you with information on how to write and present your first speech as a toastmaster.It is important to note that in the fourth and final night of speech craft you will all be giving your own icebreakers. So firstly what is the purpose of the icebreaker? Quite simply the icebreaker is designed to give new participants a n introduction to public speaking; to give the speaker a feel for presenting a topic in front of a captive audience. The icebreaker is also used to discover speaking skills that you already have and identify which areas of your abilities need development.The icebreakers structure is typical to that of most speeches having an introduction, body and conclusion. Now without revisiting the fifth grade let me summarize quickly the most important features of each component. The introduction is used to reveal the topic and maybe most importantly GRAB ATTENTION. Continuing with your speech from this point would be futile if the listener has no reason to actively follow your speech. Great attention grabbers are things such as asking rhetorical questions, making startling statements, using humor or narrative and arousing curiosity.While most toastmasters are just as good listeners as they are speakers it is a simple truth that, outside of these walls, unless you give someone a reason to liste n to you; they won’t. The body of course is the crux of your talk and the reason you are standing in front of your peers. We will touch more on what the body of an icebreaker speech would normally include shortly. Finally the conclusion is used to summarize your speech and should always finish with impact.This can be achieved by closing with a quotation or narrative. The second and most unique component to the Icebreakers structure is its timing. The Icebreaker is a four to six minute speech and as you will notice on the timekeepers lights; the green light appears at four minutes, the amber at five and the red at six. So how do I write and present my icebreaker speech? The best way to begin your speaking experience is to talk about a familiar subject – yourself.It would be near impossible to condense your life into 5 minutes so you must narrow it by selecting some significant and interesting life events that will give your fellow toastmasters an introduction and brief insight into you as an individual. This might include your birthplace, education, family and/or future ambitions. You could speak of your recent travels to Asia and tell of some funny stories whilst there or you could simply give a brief chronological account of your life to this point highlighting the key parts.Select your visual aids carefully should you choose to use them. Be wary not to provide too much or too little information so as to confuse the viewer and listener. For instance; if I was suddenly giving a lesson on the special theory of relativity it’s simply a gross impracticality to provide all the information in a single slide expecting the listener to understand. Instead provide your visual be it a slide presentation or object with as much simplicity and symbolism as possible so as to maximize meaning whilst minimizing clutter.

Joseph Campbell’s Monomyth Essay

1. Hero introduced in his ordinary world Odysseus is a strong ruler of Ithaca (Greek city-state), however lacks experience in war. He is also the son of Là ¤ertes 2. The call to adventure  He wins the Trojan war through his guile nature. As his fleet left for Ithaca, strong winds sweep them off course 3. Hero is reluctant at first Odysseus and his men get a little afraid after realizing that they had no idea where they were heading for 4. Encouraged by the wise old man/woman Along the way, Odysseus obtains lots of advice of how he should carry on with his expedition from Circe the Enchantress 5. Hero passes the first threshold The first issue that Odysseus faces would be in the beginning of the Odyssey, where his fleet land on the city of Ismara, and plunder the Cicones inhabiting the region 6. Hero encounters tests & helpers Other hazards for Odysseus were: Polyphemus, The Lotus-Eaters, Hades, The Sirens, Scylla etc. 7. Hero reaches the innermost cave The largest issue ever faced by Odysseus’s fleet would be the Man-eating Cyclops named Polyphemus. Being the son of Poseidon, Odysseus’s trickery angered the God of the sea, which would cause much more implications on them. This would largely affect Odysseus’s quality to a greater extent 8. Hero endures the supreme ordeal Odysseus try to escape Polyphemus’s island first, but Odysseus hubris turns against their own people. Polyphemus attacks Odysseus’s men with boulders and rocks. With luck, they escape into the waters, out of reach from danger 9. Hero seizes the sword Odysseus finally defeats all enemies 10. The road back Unfortunately, as he does so, he loses all his men, when Poseidon strikes his  fleet with the power of the raging sea 11. Resurrection He alone gets away from the impending danger and realizes his mistakes. He finally reaches the Phaeacians, and tells them his story, since it had been more than 10 year since he had left for battle 12. Return with the treasure His â€Å"treasure† is more in a form of a lesson, where he realizes that greed is something that corrupts a man. His adventure is definitely an example, since with his greed came the loss of his men and valuables

Brazilian Democratic Transition And Consolidation

Brazilian Democratic Transition And Consolidation Brazil, which is the largest country in South America and fifth largest country in the world, is also a political and economic leader in its continent. However, among the many nascent Latin American democracies, Brazil’s road to democracy was the most challenging (Linz and Stepan, 1996, p 166). Its democratization (1974-89) followed a cyclical pattern which alternated back and forth between quasi-democratic and authoritarian systems (Huntington, 1991, p 41). After a brief period of electoral democracy in the 1930s, military coups took control of the nation. The next three decades witnessed Brazil’s long authoritarian rule that was governed by a series of stable but harsh dictatorial regimes. In the 20th century, Brazil embarked on the path to electoral democracy, which was led by Vargas, the elected President. However, his rule plagued Brazil with several rebellions caused by military officers, the spread of communism across the country, and brutal tortures by governme nt agents. Thus, the short period of democracy ended and Vargas established a populist dictatorship. In 1945, military coup supported by the Brazilian oligarchy finally overthrew the ineffective and harsh leader. Brazil then plunged into a long authoritarian rule from 1964 to 1985, in which the military government held power and democratized Brazil through five major stages (Codato, 2006). It was this period of uncertainty and unrest caused by violent prolonged military dictatorship that created the climate for political compromise and democratic obligation. Causes for the breakdown of authoritarianism such as splits in the military led to the demand for re-democratization in Brazil. Democratization finally occurred in 1974 and coincided with the ‘Third Wave’ of democracy. One will be surprised and wonder how Brazil’s long period of authoritarianism under the reign of three capable leaders, Branco, Silva, and Medici’s leadership sparked a possible shift to a democracy. What factors pressured each successive military leader to concede to democratization? After a long military dictatorship, what caused the next administration, Geisel, to democratize Brazil? Finally, to what extent has democracy been consolidated? This paper will attempt to answer the above questions. I will first give a contextual knowledge about Brazil’s political transition which occurred in five stages, over the span of thirty years. Next, I will explain the reasons that caused the breakdown of authoritarianism in Brazil. Finally, I will evaluate the extent to which democracy in Brazil is consolidated based on its obstacles and threats, and suggest ways in which the democracy can be stabilized. History of Brazil’s Political Transition Establishing military dictatorship The first stage of Brazil’s political transition corresponds to the Castello Branco and Costa e Silva administrations (March, 1964 – December, 1968). The military ceased it s leadership in 1961 when vice president Joà £o Goulart resigned from presidency. He resigned with hopes of being reinstated again by popular demand, but was denied by the military’s fear of him being a communist. Following his resignation, the regime encountered difficulties in finding a new leader as no civilian politician was suitable for the existing revolutionary factions in governance. After fifteen days, Branco became the new president and managed to reform the political-economic system (Hudson, 1997). Being anti-Goulart and disapproving of his ruling methods, Branco rejected the extension of his presidency beyond Goulart’s term, or the institutionalization of the military’s power.

Global Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Global Financial Management - Essay Example ROE has the advantage of flexibility. When selecting projects to invest in overseas, it enables one to either use the simple way of calculating and measuring income or use a more complex way with so much details. Return on Equity can of benefit when used in trend analysis. This means that using ROE can enable a company to calculate its return on equity over a number of years. However, ROE has some disadvantages when selecting projects to invest in overseas. It only shows the company’s equity investment performance. Therefore, a company might have leveraged its investment in a huge amount of debt, but improving its ROE as long as the debt is creating income. Another disadvantage of ROE is the fact that it only measures the net income. Net income includes revenue without the expenses, which means that ROE is affected and lowered if a company has large amounts of capital assets. Internal Rate on Return can be defined as the return rate used to measure the amount of profit generated by investment in capital budgeting. It’s used to indicate the efficiency and quality of an investment. IRR is also used to measure whether projects and investments are appealing. Its advantages when selecting projects to invest in overseas include; time value whereby the cash flow is weighed equally using the time value of money. This is because the future cash flow timing is put into consideration. Another advantage is the way IRR makes it simple to measure the value of several projects together that have been put into consideration. Internal Rate on Return has a number of disadvantages. This method does not consider future costs as it only calculates the cash flow created by a project hence leaving out the capability of the project creating cash flow in future. Another disadvantage is the fact that IRR does not consider the size of the project. It only measures cash flow in comparison to the amount of capital creating that cash

The after life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The after life - Essay Example The following paper uses scholarly articles, e-books, and authentic articles available online, to explain the concept of life after death in the religion of Islam. It will also enlighten the reader about the factors that if performed in the world can lead to happier times in the life hereafter. Many people are scared to die perhaps because they are not aware of the fact that what will happen next. However, Islam is one religion that explains thoroughly as to what awaits an individual in life hereafter. It also lays down the principles that are of benefit in this life as well as the hereafter. Therefore, it is these principles or in the nonprofessional terms the deeds that will describe the quality of life beyond this tangible world. Nevertheless, before unfurling the concept of life after death it is important be familiar with the concept of Islam and its teachings in general. Islam: As a Religion Islam is a religion based on the oneness of God named Allah and in the believe that Muh ammad is his last prophet. Muhammad was born in the Arab world which was back then lead an ignorant life. Rights were denied to females, female child was buried alive and there was law that could protect people. Thus, Prophet Muhammad was sent as a mercy to the people of Arab and the entire humanity. It is believed that the prophet received revelations from God through angel Gibereal, the revelations were conserved on different mediums in the life of the prophet and after his demise the revelation were compiled in the form of a book which was called Quran. All the verses in the Quran are as authentic as they were revealed to the prophet Muhammad, i.e. not even a single word has been changed since then. The teachings of Islam stand erect on the five pillars and the 7 articles of faith that include the following: Articles of Faith 1. Oneness of Allah (no one is worthy of worship except one God) 2. Predestination 3. In the angels of Allah 4. In the messengers of Allah (The Prophets) 5. In the day of Judgment 6. In life hereafter. Pillars of Islam 1. Witness (Islamic Creed) 2. 5 daily prayers 3. Fasting in the prescribed month 4. Alms giving (Zakat) 5. Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj: At least once in a life time) However, the Articles of Faith can be grouped in to three broader categories: 1. Oneness of Allah 2. Prophet hood 3. The day of judgment A Muslim is required to believe in the above-mentioned categories. It is the category i.e. the Day of Judgment that sheds light upon the life after death. The evidence in the Holy book of Muslims, the Quran provides evidence in the following verse: â€Å" Did you not think that We had created you in play and that you would not be brought back to us?† (Quran, chapter number: 23, Verse number: 115). â€Å"And those who disbelieve say ‘when we have become dust we and our fathers, shall we really be brought forth again?’† (Quran chapter number 27, Verse Number: 67) The above-mentioned verses make it inc umbent upon the Muslims to believe in life after death. In addition, in the Holy Quran Allah has promised a glorious life that will be for the believers alone. Moreover, it will be a reward for those believers who spent their life in remembrance of God, fearing him, and following the teachings of his beloved prophet Muhammad who is also considered the seal of prophets (Egan 10-11). The

Behavirol and Socail Sciences on Sex Offenders Essay

Behavirol and Socail Sciences on Sex Offenders - Essay Example It is difficult to predict the occurrence of sex offenders in our localities. However, some precautions are to be taken for minimizing their negative effect. In USA, the sex offenders who are convicted for their crime record are restricted to some places after their release from Jail. They are generally kept away from the school premises and day care centers for ensuring the safety of children and patients. Unfortunately, the number and frequency of sex offenders has been on rising trend in the recent years. This is not a healthy trend. There are several reasons or factors that contribute to the development of behavioral changes in sex offenders (Carla Van Dam, 2001). For successful management of these sex offenders one has to thoroughly understand the types of sex offenders and their behavioral trends in society in general and USA in particular. Keeping this in mind, the present study is being undertaken to assess the present scenario of sex offenders in USA, main causes of nature o f sex offenders and their management techniques. The present study has reviewed some studies undertaken on sex offenders in USA and other parts of the world. In this process, different research studies on factors affecting the sex offenders were analysed. The behavioral changes among sex offenders were identified and prioritized based on the extent. At last the management techniques for reducing the problem of sex offenders were chalked out leading to a meaningful conclusion. It was reported by the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children that approximately 100,000 sex offenders in USA are not living in the places of their registration, which is not an encouraging trend (Abby Goodnough and Monica Davey, 2009). Hence, efforts must be made to identify the floating population of sex offenders so that the negative effects caused by them can be minimized. This also throws a light

MARKETING Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

MARKETING - Assignment Example The aim is to catch the customers directly at the Point of Sale and entice them into impulse buying decisions. Kraft foods chose an alternative media of an in-store kiosk at National Retail Federation Convention in New York. Kraft teamed up with Intel, already a global giant and came up with an electronic kiosk which could help the customers to get recipes according to their facial features. Intel’s technology of Anonymous Video Analytics was capable of gauging the person’s gender and age when he/she would step in front of it. The system would then recommend recipes, suggest the shopping, present future promotional coupons accordingly. For the customers’ convenience, the kiosk also supports mobile applications through which, they can download the giving recipes and shopping lists in their iPhones. Works Cited Krafft, Manfred, and Murali K. Mantrala.  Retailing in the 21st Century: Current and Future Trends. Berlin: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & C o. KG, 2006. Print. Agathou, Amalia. Intel and Kraft take food shopping to the next level. Amalia Agathou 2011. Internet Resource. http://thenextweb.com/socialmedia/2011/02/03/intel-and-krafts-take-food-shopping-to-the-next-level/

Differentiate between Management and Leadership Essay

Differentiate between Management and Leadership - Essay Example As the report stresses the terms management and leadership have been defined and discussed with different words and perceptions ever since their evolution. To better evaluate the distinction between these two terms, it is imperative to have an insight into their meaning and essence. Bateman-Snell describes management as â€Å"the process of working with people and resources to accomplish organizational goals†. Management is about having the work done through other people under a set of pre-defined policies and procedures to fulfill the organizational goals. By the definition, a manager strives to achieve set goals through proper utilization of what is available him, in the form of human and other resources. This study discusses that outstanding leaders combine good strategic substance and effective interpersonal processes to formulate and implement strategies that produce results and sustainable competitive advantage. The definition reflects that true leadership never relies on accomplishing a goal only under some pre-defined policies. It takes to have the ‘strategic substance’ blended with ‘effective interpersonal processes’ to lead a team in a highly competitive environment. At the heart of leadership is the act of swiftly adapting the strategies to the demands of a given situation in the pursuit of obtaining the desired results. Bateman and Snell identify management in the spectrum of its four functions viz., planning, organizing, leading and controlling.

Quanitative Research Method Paper Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Quanitative Method Paper - Research Proposal Example g on a number of endogenous and exogenous variables such as employers’ preferences, employees’ willingness to accept such relationships and even time related economic pressures such as the current global economic recession. The strategic competition has compelled organizations to adopt far reaching policy changes on employee relations with refers to both its operational strategy and the mission related corporate governance principles in order to achieve horizontal and vertical synergies which is associated with its organizational goals and objectives. Therefore the limitations that have cropped up against government and institutional efforts to curtail informal individualization of the employment relationship are many. The literature review of this dissertation is based on the theoretical constructs, conceptual paradigms and empirical evidence. The legal relationship between the employer and the employee defines the very essence of the employment relationship (Healy, 1999). However it has been pointed out by critics that the existing labor legislation and social security provisions do not adequately cover up the requirements of employees. In fact the employment relationship has become more or less an individual arrangement devoid of universal contractual obligations as found in International Labor Organization’s (ILO) documents. This phenomenon has acquired a new dimension under different disguises and ruses adopted by employers and imposed on unsuspecting employees. The former tends to arrange an individualistic relationship with the latter on the basis of immediate benefits of employment while the latter agrees more or less due to personal compulsions. Despite the general vagueness of many labor laws and social security provisions in the US employers have got in to recruitment drives with the intention of sign in employment contracts on this particular premise, i.e. they come to a mutual agreement on their individual understanding of the law. For

Egypt Rome and ancient China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Egypt Rome and ancient China - Essay Example The first light of Chinese human progress uncovered itself 7,000 to 8,000 years back, as showed by the remnants of the Daxi Culture in Sichuan and Hubei regions, the the Majiapang Culture in Jiangsu and Zhejiang territories, the Hemudu Culture in eastern Zhejiang and the Yangshuo Culture along the center spans of the Yellow River and its principal tributaries. As stated by legend, the primitive tribes that possessed the center and upper spans of the Yellow River were bound together into two effective tribes under the Yellow Emperor and Fiery Emperor and started their push southward 5,000 years back. After years of warfare, they prevailed over the Sanmiao and Jiuli tribes dynamic in south China under the administration of Chi You. A piece of the crushed tribe was fused into the tribes under the Yellow and Fiery rulers to turn into apart a piece of the Han individuals, which denoted the start of the Chinese country. Roman civilization The ancient Rome was an empire built by the Romans who acquired this by conquering most countries. The empire spread from Rome to other parts of Europe as well as Africa. The Romans followed a thriving civilization that developed from the Italian Peninsula in the early 8th century. The Roman civilization grew from monarchy to an aristocratic empire; still in the present times the influence attributed to the Romans still exists. The Romans had the distinct history that got insight from their present and future which was similarly embraced (Leakey 56).

Tylenol Recall Essay Example for Free

Tylenol Recall Essay The worldwide recall of the Tylenol product in light of discovering some samples having poison in them is most certainly correct under the Utilitarian principle, which focuses on what will be the greater good for the greater number.   Obviously, when human lives are at stake the greater good is almost always guaranteed to be whatever will prevent the loss of life. Granted, stockholders, stakeholders, patients, etc. were negatively effected for a short duration, and there were presumably several more stockholders and so on effected by the recall than there were potential deaths, but a company such as Johnson and Johnson has been able to maintain its positive image and consumer loyalty due to behaviors which are viewed as being morally responsible, so the short-term effects were likely minimal and exactly that: short-term.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   An opposing argument might be that the risks of any human life actually being lost was minimal, and that a random product sampling would have been enough to determine if indeed any other product had been contaminated, and therefore the product should NOT have been recalled, simply because the potential risk of loss of human life and the lawsuits sure to follow was less than the risk of dollars lost by the company, by the shareholders, by employees, suppliers, distributors, etc.   Some might argue this loss is far greater than any of the potential risks associated with the poisoned pills. However, once again to cite the Utilitarian principle, whatever is morally â€Å"right† is that which creates the most happiness, or overall â€Å"good,† for the larger number of people.   Again, human death is something that is generally received as far more severe than the temporary loss of money (which can be recovered).   15 human deaths in comparison to a loss of 15 million, even billion, dollars is far more significant in the minds of most people in our society. Especially for a consumer product (and not for any greater purpose, such as the freedom of our country which leads to casualties of war), there is no level of acceptable loss of human life in the interest of saving a large corporation some money.   The perseverance of human life produces greater happiness with the public, which also reinstalls faith in a morally responsible company such as Johnson and Johnson, which allows them to fairly easily recover any net losses, which puts all the stockholders and others effected by it right back on a level playing field.   And no lives were lost.   By Utilitarian principles, everyone in this situation wins.

Social theories help Essay Example for Free

Social theories help Essay Social theories help us to understand the world and the society in which we live in and to interpret why people behave the way they do in the context of the existing social norms. In sociology, rational choice theory and the institutional paradigm aid us in exploring various social aspects in clear detail. The key difference between the rational choice theory and the institutional paradigm rests on the focus of each of the theories. For instance, rational choice theory addresses the pursuit for self-interest of human beings and their capacity to make choices that are generally based on the costs and benefits of their individual actions. On the other hand, the institutional paradigm maintains the belief that social structures have important roles in social relations and that these social structures influence the behaviors of human beings in every possible way. Rational choice theory also asserts that even our most altruistic actions and decisions have their innate strands of self-interest despite the observation that such actions and decisions are seen as selfless. Moreover, the theory also seeks to understand why people are inclined to work as a group in meeting a common goal even though the realization of the goal or even the process of reaching that goal may become inconsistent with the personal welfare of each of these individuals. The theory also finds that issue intriguing in more complex and larger human organizations since the difficulties present become larger as well. While rational choice theory espouses the idea of individuals able to come-up with informed decisions which in turn lead to how the society becomes structured, the institutional paradigm gives room for â€Å"accidents† or unintended consequences. More specifically, the institutional paradigm asserts that even historical accidents can happen, outcomes that are not the results of the rational decision-making process of an individual or a group of individuals. There may be people who were simply at the right place and at the right time, thereby resulting to consequential decisions that are neither planned nor carefully thought of in a rational way. Another key idea of the paradigm is the idea that the social institutions created by human beings such as social rules are open to change since human beings can undo the things in the society that they have set forth for themselves. Both the rational choice theory and the institutional paradigm can explain the issue of the widespread influence of religion such as Christianity and its religious practices in the contemporary society since it began. Rational choice theory will argue that Christianity and its practices have survived the years because people have chosen to integrate the religious edicts into their lives based on how they promote the interest of the followers. People tend to devote themselves to religion in general because of the benefits they can get weighed against the costs of their decision to follow the religion. Without the benefits, people will hardly join Christianity or any religion in general. On the other hand, the institutional paradigm will interpret the influence of Christianity as a result of the force of social norms on people. The rulers at the time and the high-ranking officials at the time may have compelled their subjects to join Christianity and that force was carried over through the following generations until it became a social norm. People may not necessarily have resorted to their rational decision-making capabilities since they do not have the power to resist the social norm. As a result, individuals become simply inclined to become Christians or followers of any other religion even without depending on their rationality and their pursuit of self-interest. Work Cited â€Å"Thinking Sociologically†. 2009 February 5. http://www. sociologyonline. net/text/intro/main/c2e848w. htm#choice.

Critical Thinking About Health And Medicine Nursing Essay

Critical Thinking About Health And Medicine Nursing Essay As defined by Michael Scriven and Richard Paul (1987), critical thinking is intellectual disciplined process of applying skills, concepts, analyzing, synthesizing , evaluation of information got by, observation, reasoning, experience, reflection, as a guidance towards an action. Edward Glaser (1941) defined critical thinking as an attitude of thinking towards solving problems that comes within the range of ones experience. Critical thinking is intellectual disciplined process of applying skills, concepts, analyzing, synthesizing, evaluation of information got by, observation, reasoning, experience, reflection, as guidance towards an action. Definitions Comparison The common things about the given definitions are, critical thinking leads toward achieving a certain goal. Also, one must have a problem and using the experience acquired, action is taken towards getting the solution. The differences between the definitions are, according to Michael Scriven and Richard Paul (1987), critical thinking is taken as an intellectual process while Edward Glaser (1941) portrays it as an attitude. The later also see as a way of solving a problem but the former say that it leads to taking the necessary action. The first definition also gives us a consistence way in which critical thinking works, but the second one just talk of range in which one is experienced. Definition that Suite Nursing Process A nurse should follow a careful and systematic process in executing his/her duty and thus the best suited definition is that of Michael Scriven and Richard Paul (1987). First nursing duty requires a lot of intellectual skills and discipline. This is because there is no room for mistakes. Once a mistake is done either through ignorance or through carelessness a life somewhere is lost. For a nurse, every detail offered by the sick person is very important. Thus analyzing each concepts and synthesizing the information given is equally important. This is because, if she/he is trying to diagnose a certain disease, fine details are required to ensure that the disease suffered is the one treated. For a nurse, before any action is taken clear observation is done. This is will always eliminate the idea of guess work because one is dealing with peoples life. Appropriate reasoning is required in nursing to ensure that required action in treatment is taken. This is enhanced by proper reflection and strong experience in the nursing field. Thus integrating all the required procedures as stipulated in the definition of critical thinking by Michael Scriven and Richard Paul (1987) the nurse in his/her full capacity will be able to execute duties fully. Definition of Critical Thinking and its Relevance in Clinical Decision Making Critical thinking is a strong concept acquired through the process of approaching an issue using systematic skills and experience attained by virtue of education, interaction, communication, observation and through analysis and accurate data correction and entry using appropriate facts towards attaining most appropriate solution. For a decision to be arrived in the nursing field one has to probe thoroughly and critically examine the information gotten before making the final decision. Taking a example of a nurse working in the Intensive Care Unit where the patient may be in coma and must be treated. The process of approaching such an issue requires a systematic skills and experience for an appropriate decision making. Such skills are adapted through critical thinking with the use of knowledge and existing facts when well interpreted. Practitioners in nursing must be accurate and precise in making decisions. They should always be lead by the virtue of listening; collecting appropriate data, analyzing it correctly and by the norms and intellectual standards of nursing gives a correct decision. In a hospital setting, there are always hustle and bustles. Patients entering and others leave. So, a nurse is required to be sane to be able to execute his/her duty. Thus without communicating to the fellow nurses, one my find it difficult to give correct information. So communication is vital to help judge once decision by comparing different ideas before giving a decision that you may not be well conversant with. Education is a very important aspect in critical thinking. Especially for a nurse, one should be well informed on type of disease patient is suffering from. Some diseases have very close symptoms thus without good knowledge, one is liable of making a mistake in arriving at decision on how to treat or prescribe medicine. The consequences of wrong prescription or treatment may lead to permanent personal damage or death. Thus, to perfect once degree of critical thinking, education is very important. In course of practicing clinical work, it is advisable also to attend different medical trainings and workshops that will act as refresher courses to refresh once critical thinking. Another very important issue is interaction. Once you interact with many people of similar profession, you get to acquire different ideas that you had not thought of. This will always boost your capability of judgment on issues. Interactions help one to broaden once mind and enhance once ability of making good decision. It is also a form of exposure that helps one to have extra experience from different broad minded people. Interaction may also be exposure to different disease diagnose and different patient. This gives one confidence in future to deal with the same ailment or patient of similar sickness with ease. Professional Development Strategies Plan To Improve Critical Thinking Skills When Making Clinical Decisions. Getting information is paramount in improving critical thinking. The information of those things that seem not to clear can be gotten from different clinical materials. One can read health and clinical journals, intellectual journals, go to clinical website or else hospital library. Most of the information is learnt from the environment we are in. for example, one has to analyze his/her environment to understand what is required of him/her or not. Different people have different likes and preferences. As a nurse you are either helping a doctor in surgery room, or attending patient in the hospital. Thus, one should always be guided by professional ethics as you try to analyze group influence. This will help you improve your critical thinking. To improve clinical critical thinking, one has to internalize intellectual standards required in nursing. Such things as accuracy in data collection, clarity in drugs prescription among others must always be on the finger tips. These qualities should be practiced on daily basis to make them part of life. As a nurse one should fight with once ego. This makes one to be bias in judging a certain scenario unconsciously. This may lead to making bad decisions. So practicing intellectual traits and admitting when you go wrong will make you go miles away as far as decision making is concerned.

Albert Einstien :: essays research papers

When you sit with a nice girl for two hours, it seems like two minutes. When you sit on a hot stove for two minutes, it seems like two hours that’s relativity. I, Albert Einstein, am a German-born American physicist. I am best known as the creator of the special and general theories of relativity. I was born in Ulm, Germany on March 14, 1879. My family owned a small business, which manufactured electric Machinery. I was a shy very child and did not talk until the age of three. At the age of twelve I taught myself Euclidean Geometry. When I was fifteen my family decided to move to Pavia but I stayed in Munich alone and finished the school year. I did not last but only a term on my one until finally I followed them to Pavia. I then tried to skip high school by taking an entrance exam to the Swiss Poly Technic, a top technical university, but I failed the art portion. So my family sent me to the Swiss town of Aarau to finish high school. I graduated from high school at the age of 17and enrolled at the ETH in Zurich. This is were I met and fell in love with a classmate named Mileva Maric who would later be my first wife. I didn’t enjoy the methods of institution there. I often cut classes and used the time to study physics on my own time or I would play my beloved violin. I passed my exams and graduated in 1900 by studying the notes of a classmate. I graduated as a secondary school teacher of mathematics and physics. In January of 1902, Mileva gave birth to our first daughter, Lieserl, but we put her up for adoption later on. In 1903 while I was working in the Swiss Patent Office I completed a range of publications in theoretical physics. I wrote these by myself. I sent one of these publications to the University of Zurich. By 1909, I was recognized throughout German-speaking Europe as a leading scientific thinker. I held professorships at the German University of Prague and at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. In 1910 my second son Eduard was born. In 1914 I advanced to the most prestigious and best paying post that a theoretical physicist could hold in central Europe, professor at the Kaiser Wilhelm Gegellschaft in Berlin.

The Evolution of Corporate Welfare and Inequality in America since 197

Over the last forty years many people have claimed that the level of equality has risen to an all time high. The evolution of corporate welfare in the United States, aided by the spread of globalization has put a huge burden on many lower class Americans. Race is still an issue we face everyday, as many minority groups are in the lowest percentile of salary or are living in extreme poverty, in addition, residential racial segregation furthers the disenfranchisement of minorities due to the lack of opportunities available in areas with a concentration of poverty. American politics as a whole contributes to all of these factors that engender hardships in everyday American life. In reality, over the last forty years we have seen a great increase in both scope and depth of inequality based around the role of race, globalization and corporate welfare supported by corporate sponsored American policymaking. The main factor contributing to the rise of inequality over the past forty years is corporate welfare. A term used to analogize welfare payments to corporate subsidies. Between 1990 and 1993, the federal government spent one hundred and seventy billion dollars on corporate subsidies. Medicaid, the federal government’s most expensive social program costs thirty billion a year. This is almost half of what the corporations receive in tax breaks, grants and other government subsidies. The fact that corporations get more tax breaks than American citizens get in healthcare is preposterous. Possibly the best example of frustration with corporate welfare in recent years is the Occupy Wall Street protest, which embodied the frustration of working American people who had seen their jobs, savings and in some cases homes disappear due to the irr... ...Geography - Volume 26, Number 8 / November 16-December 31, 2005 - Bellwether Publishing, Ltd. Bellwether Publishing, Ltd., 8 Oct. 2007. Web. 8 Nov. 2013. . Grimaldi, James V., and Carol D. Leonnig. "Former Aide to Ex-Congressman Ney Pleads Guilty in Abramoff Case." Washington Post. The Washington Post, 27 Feb. 2007. Web. 7 Nov. 2013. . Smith, Jeffery. "DeLay Airfare Was Charged To Lobbyist's Credit Card." Washington Post. The Washington Posy, 24 Apr. 2005. Web. 6 Nov. 2013. . Weinberg, Daniel H. "A Brief Look at Postwar U.S. Income Inequality." Census.Gov. Current Population Reports, n.d. Web. 9 Nov. 2013.

Fire in a Canebrake Essays -- Literary Analysis, Laura Wexler

In her Fire in a Canebrake, Laura Wexler describes an important event in mid-twentieth century American race relations, long ago relegated to the closet of American consciousness. In so doing, Wexler not only skillfully describes the event—the Moore’s Ford lynching of 1946—but incorporates it into our understanding of the present world and past by retaining the complexities of doubt and deception that surrounded the event when it occurred, and which still confound it in historical records. By skillfully navigating these currents of deceit, too, Wexler is not only able to portray them to the reader in full form, but also historicize this muddled record in the context of certain larger historical truths. In this fashion, and by refusing to cede to a desire for closure by drawing easy but inherently flawed conclusions regarding the individuals directly responsible for the 1946 lynching, Wexler demonstrates that she is more interested in a larger historical picture t han the single event to which she dedicates her text. And, in so doing, she rebukes the doubts of those who question the importance of â€Å"bringing up† the lynching, lending powerful motivation and purpose to her writing that sustains her narrative, and the audience’s attention to it. This motivation and purpose are most evident in the quality of Wexler’s writing, made outstanding by her painstaking awareness throughout the text of, firstly, such fundamental things as setting and the introduction of characters, and, secondly, the overarching threads of, for instance, national and state politics, which set the larger stage for the story. In her text, Wexler briefly mentions a prominent figure in the NAACP, Walter White, noting his biting statements regarding the lynching a ... ...lusions—not only in regards to who the lynchers were, but also in regards to the identities of the victims (230), and, worst of all, whether or not the issues central to the Moore’s Ford lynching have been settled, and are past. In these senses, conclusiveness about these issues encourages falseness, precludes justice, and makes the audience let go of things that ought not to be let go—and this, short of the lynching itself, is one of the greatest possible wrongs (244). It is by refusing to conclude, then, that Laura Wexler achieves the greatest success of her outstanding narrative, and is able to successfully navigates the lies and deception of a muddled historical event by adeptly presenting them in the context of larger historical truths. Work Cited Wexler, Laura. 2003. Fire in a Canebrake: The Last Mass Lynching in America. Scribner; 2004. Print

My Passion for Reading and its Contribution to My Personal Growth

My passion for extensive and penetrative reading has unequivocally confirmed the truth of a statement once made by the 18th century French Philosopher, Dennis Digerot, â€Å"Only passions, great passions can elevate the soul to great things.† My soul, not merely my intellect, has indeed been elevated to greatness!I began cultivating a reading culture at the age of four, in my Nursery-school days because I appreciated the teachings of my parents and teachers regarding the treasures hidden in the reading culture. Thus I read whatever I could find that caught my fancy.But reading whatever caught my fancy soon gave way to a discriminatory reading habit, because against the moral sense of decency and progressiveness which I owe to my upbringing, I weighed and sifted every idea I came upon.My selection of books soon narrowed to national newspapers, academic literature, poetry and dramatic literature as well as works of political and academic critics.Customarily, I read these selecti ons not as means to an end but as a matter of personal interest in the ideas and information they offered. For instance, I did not read academic books merely to pass my exams but tried to unearth the eye-opening ideas they contained, the sophistication to which they drew attention, and the refinement in mind and in character they recommended.Today, I have a celebrated sense of intellectual discrimination; I know my rights from my wrongs; I have a discerning sense of beauty and appreciation in matters of morals, fashion, arts and literature; I have a mind independent enough to have an uninfluenced say in nearly any matter. I feel my intellect and my soul unfold to the academic and spiritual promise of their individuality!

Captains Log

We arrived two days ago on this island from Telepyus, Land of the Laestrygonians with heavy hearts, grieving for the loss of our dear comrades. In our sorrow we lay on the shore for two days and two nights, wailing and crying at the pain and anguish we felt for our lost companions. But now I feel that I have to move for the sake of my remaining crew, otherwise I believe we will stay here forever, wallowing in our grief. I am going to leave the men here while set off alone to explore, it would be pointless trying to make the men move now. Half of the crew and myself are now sat on the beach, awaiting the return of the other half of the crew. After my last entry I set off and came to a rocky height and as I became close to the top of it I could see a cloud of reddish smoke rising, as I got closer and closer to the top I saw that it was coming from the chimney of a house in the distance. I was unsure of how I felt at the sight, I was left in two minds, whether to press on forwards and investigate or not. After some deep thought I made the decision n to go back to the shore and try to find some food on the way, the welfare of my men must come first, I would then split the men in to two halves and leave half on the shore and the I would send the other half to explore the island I think that it is best to only let half go incase of any danger, that way if any crew are lost it will only be half or less. I cannot risk loosing any more crew after what happened with Antiphates and the Cyclops. On my way back the Gods must have been in my favour because I came across I stag, which I managed to kill and although it was a brute of a thing I could just manage to put it over my shoulder and drag it back to the shore where I greeted my men warmly and we ate the meal. The meal did seem to boost their morale, which is what I had hoped; I hoped that it might encourage them that we were going to be fine. After we ate we slept and this morning half of the men set off to explore led by Eurylochus. Eurylochus returned alone, claiming that the rest of the men were turned into pigs by a witch named Circe. He told me that when he and his men had reached the Palace of Circe they had heard a beautiful voice singing while working on a loom, one man had said that whoever was inside must have been either a Goddess or woman, she called out to them and invited them inside. But Eurylochus, being a very suspicious man, suspected a trap and did not go in, so Polites led the men and in their innocence they followed him inside. Then he told me that the men had been fed and given drinks of yellow honey with Pramnian wine which she tipped with a noxious drug. The men were then herded into a pigsty and fed acorns and forest nuts, they grunted like pigs but their minds were as human as before, but with no memory of their native land because of the drug. After hearing this news I threw my sword in its silver scabbard over my shoulder and grabbed my bow and told Eurylochus to take me back with him by the same way he had come. But he threw his arms around my knees and begged me to let him stay where he was, so I let him stay because if I had pursued my order, it may have caused a mutiny because he would have disobeyed my order making me look like a bad leader, or and the rest of the crew may have been swayed to the point of view that I had bad judgement , after all my judgement wasn't always perfect, I hadn't been very cautious where the Cyclopes and Laestrygonians had been concerned and perhaps it may have been better if I had have been. So I let him stay and kept up a better image rather than risk looking unkind and uncompassionate. But although Eurylochus will no be coming with me I still have to go on because I cannot loose any more men, so I am going on alone to retrieve my comrades, I'll set off now. I have just returned back to the beach after my encounter with Circe. Soon after leaving the shore I was surprised to meet up with Hermes, who told me that I should eat a special herb called Moly which would stop Circe's powers affecting me. He then instructed me to go on to the palace and accept Circe's offerings, but when she strikes me with her stick I should rush at her with intent to kill her and she will beg for me to go to her bed. He said that if I slept with her she might rob me of my courage and manhood so I should get her to swear an oath before hand so that she wouldn't, and that after I had been in bed with her she would let my men go. I ate the herb and then went on to the palace and when I got outside I called to her and she let me in and fed me and then she offered me a goblet of yellow looking honeyed wine, but I knew that it was drugged, and just like Hermes had told me I drank it and it had no effect thanks to the Moly. Next she hit me with her stick and shouted â€Å"Off to the pigsty and lie down with your friends†, so I snatched up my sword and rushed at her as if I meant to kill her, she slipped beneath my blade, grabbed my knees and burst into tears. She then asked me who I was and where I came from but before I could answer she said that I must be Odysseus because Hermes had once told her that a man named Odysseus would come to her palace and suffer no effects from her drug. She then asked me to join her in her bed and get to trust each other. I could not deny a Goddess, and it was for the sake of my crew, Hermes had told me to accept this offer and although I could not help but think about my wife in Ithaca I knew that to get back home to her I would have to sleep with Circe, so I followed her to her bed, but not before getting her to swear a solemn oath that while they were in bed she should not rob me of my courage and manhood. After I had slept with Circe she told me to return to the shore and collect my men and bring them back to the palace so she could offer them food, drink and fresh clothes, and she let the men out of the sty and turned them back. I got to the shore and told my men the good news, that their friends were now human again and that we all had a feast waiting for us at Circe's palace. But Eurylochus did not take this as good news; he told the men not to trust me and said that I had almost cost them their lives before and that it was my fault we had lost so many men before as it was me who always led the men into danger, like when I made the men go into the Cyclops cave and stay there, and when I lost the men on the Land of the Laestrygonians. I was so enraged by his defiant outburst I considered drawing my sword and lopping his head off there and then but my men held me back and calmed me down. They said that they would come with me and Eurylochus could stay with the ship if he didn't want to come, however he came anyway, if only through fear but we all knew that he was terrified of Circe's Palace too. So now we are all going ahead to Circe's Palace, although my blood is still boiling over what Eurylochus said. I have just had the most difficult day of my journey so far, for after I collected my men and took them to the Palace of Circe, after some persuasion we when to the Palace where the two partied of men met and cried in joy at the sight of each other and we stayed there and ate and drank and bathed and rested for a whole year. It was so relieving to be able to rest and relax that I didn't realise that we'd stayed that long, until the men came to me today and reminded me that we should be on our way because they wanted to get home. I felt like a bad leader for getting so engrossed with this lifestyle that I forgot about their feelings and the time. We feasted for the rest of the day and then as night fell I went to Circe and clasped her knees in supplication and I told her what I felt and how the men felt and asked her to keep the promise she had once made me about sending me home. That is when she told me this dreadful news; to get home I must first go down to the underworld, into the Halls of Hades and consult the soul of Teiresias, who was the only person who could tell me the way home. These terrible words struck me hard and my heart sank, I felt like I had no more reasons for living. But If I ever wanted to return home I had to do this, it was heart breaking but it had to be done. What would be worse was that I would have to tell the crew. I found out from Circe that I would have to set up my mast and wait for the north wind to blow my ship on its way, she said I would come to a wild coast and Persephone's Grove, I should go to the specific place she stated then dig a trench as long and wide as a mans forearm, I should go round the trench and pour offerings to the dead and after that I should sprinkle white barley and begin my prayers and make Teiresias a separate offering of a the finest jet black sheep of my flock. Then there would be more sacrifices of a ewe and ram and pray some more until I would be able to talk to Teiresias who could give me a route home. As if this news hadn't been hard enough I now had to tell my comrades the same thing and get them to agree. Then one of the younger men who had gotten drunk last night herd me calling the men to wake up and he leapt up and fell off the roof and broke his neck and went straight to Hades. Then I broke the news to the men, it was so had to tell them but I had to do it or we will never be able to return to our beloved homes. When I told them they were broken hearted and deeply upset and Circe put the animals for the sacrifice on the ship for me. The men have agreed to go on the next step of our journey home; I just hope that we will prevail.

Student Service Enterprise Inventory System

STUDENT SERVICE ENTERPRISE INVENTORY SYSTEM A Concept Paper Presented to The Faculty of the College of Computer Studies Central Philippine University Jaro, Iloilo City, Philippines In partial fulfilment Of the Requirements in CS318 – Research Methods in IT By JanelynGrasparil BSIT – 4 July, 2012 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Overview of the Current State of Technology With the power of technology nowadays, people get interested with computers. They tried to indulge themselves on it to have a productive result in a more efficient and time saving process.It is highly valued in institutions like business enterprises, schools, hospitals, government and non government services. However, some of them are still using manual system. In this regard, we acknowledge the value of computerized system. CPU Student Service Enterprise is a store inside the campus where students, faculty, and staffs can buy goods, books, school supplies, P. E & school uniforms, etc. Each department’s ar e also purchasing supplies for their offices. One of the problems of SSE is the manual Inventory System. The manual system is not accurate and time consuming. Quarterly, SSE is conducting their inventory.When the inventory date is near work students and staffs are listing all the goods or items that are available in yellow paper. The paper contains the quantity, unit, description, and unit price of an item. In the proper date of inventory, work students manually count the goods or items. After counting all the available items, work students will put the unit price of each item. Finding the prices is time consuming. It takes two to three weeks to finish pricing those items. Prices of the items are all in the journal book. But some of the old stocks items are hard to find their prices.After pricing all the items, the book keeper will encode that in Excel. After that, she will print it out and forward to the VPFE. Overview of the Desired State of Technology I would like to propose a co mputerized inventory system to be installed at the CPU Student Service Enterprise, a formal computerized approach to inventory storing. The system provides the user with fast, accurate data handling and retrieving. It makes adjustments for possible problems prior to their occurrence, as opposed to traditional control systems which looked at more historical demand and reacted to existing problems.Furthermore, it directly serves as the system for CPU Student Service Enterprise. This system will help keep personnel from wasting their time counting supplies and trying to manually determine which products to buy and sell. The system also includes tracking of remaining inventory, tracking when new orders should be made, tracking which items are most popular and something to help the business decide what items are most profitable and which products to remove. They could also compare the inventory available at each customer to their corresponding needs.Data on these transactions are very im portant in determining the availability of details on the products in needs of reviewing. Statement of the Problem These are the following problems encountered by CPU Student Service Enterprise: * The manual process consumes too much time for the work students and staff and rigid time to process a transaction. * Inaccurate daily updating, recording, and monitoring of inventory of productsthat goes in and out due to human errors in the manual system. * Time consuming retrieval due to manual search from numerous files. The availability of the product is difficult to identify due to lack of information regarding on files that are outdated. * Slow and inaccurate resulting to problems like lost of items and unable to track the prices of an item. Objectives of the Study General Objective: * This study aims to solve the problems encountered and to change the Manual Inventory System and develop a Computerized Inventory System for CPU Student Service Enterprise. Specific Objectives: * To hav e an accurate inventory of stocks by providing the system an interactive GUI that capable of performing and handling accurate filling. To speed up the process of searching the data from the files. * To have a back up of data by creating a copy of database. * To ease process of monitoring the inventory of products by providing the system a normalized database system for storing all updated details on the inventory. Theoretical Framework Fast, Accurate, Reliable CPU – SSE INVENTORY SYSTEM Inefficient, Slow Processing, Unorganized, Inaccurate Systems Theory Figure 1. 0 Theoretical Framework based on Systems theory Theoretical Framework The figure above shows the elements needed in the development of SSE Inventory System.It is a system that stores data of the products or an item. Significantly, the manual processes are replaced by a computerized one which utilizes data from the book storage of inventory, with the computerized inventory system, the user can easily review and monit or the current status of the products or an item, in which the overall processes are hastened using this system. System theory Systems theory  is the  interdisciplinary  study of  systems  in general, with the goal of elucidating principles that can be applied to all types of systems at all nesting levels in all fields of research.System theory is the transdisciplinary study of the abstract organization of phenomena, Independent of their substance, type, or spatial or temporal scale of existence. It investigates both the principles common to all complex entities, and the (usually mathematical) models which can be used to describe them. (http://www. utwente. nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20clusters/Communication%20Processes/System_Theory. doc/) Inventory system Keeping an inventory (stock of goods) for future sale or use is common in business.In order to meet demand on time, companies must keep on hand a stock of goods that is awaiting sale. The purpose of inventory theor y is to determine rules that management can use to minimize the costs associated with maintaining inventory and meeting customer demand. Inventory is studied in order to help companies save large amounts of money. (http://www. whitman. edu/mathematics/SeniorProjectArchive/2006/zapponj2. pdf Conceptual Framework SECURITY INVENTORY MANAGEMENT DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Figure 2. 0 Conceptual Framework Conceptual frameworkThe figure above conveys the concept that composes a system. These concepts serve as the main basis of ideas on how the researchers derived and created the system design and functionalities. DBMS A database management system (DBMS) is computer software designed for the purpose of managing databases based on a variety of data models. It is a complex set of software programs that controls the organization, storage, management, and retrieval of data in a database. DBMS are categorized according to their data structures or types. Inventory ManagementInventory management i s primarily about specifying the size and placement of stocked goods. The scope of inventory management also concerns the fine lines between replenishment lead time, carrying costs of inventory, asset management, inventory forecasting, inventory valuation, inventory visibility, future inventory price forecasting, physical inventory, available physical space for inventory, quality management, replenishment, returns and defective goods and demand forecasting. (http://www. inventorymanagement. com/2007/07/inventory-management-definition. html)This will track down the stocks of materials if it’s available or not, ready to be used and if need to be ordered. Through the database, the inventory log will be used as bases of the stocks if which product is the most demand by the customer. Through this management can decide whether in what product they should focus to meet customer’s needs and expectation. Security Method of protecting information, computer programs, and other co mputer system assets which is the security of computer assets and capital equipment refers to computer location, access control, software protection, and storage procedures.The objective of computer security includes protection of information and property from theft, corruption, or natural disaster, while allowing the information and property to remain accessible and productive to its intended users. (www. answers. com/topic/computer-security) Data and information will be secured, especially with stock in and out of materials. This will avoid any unauthorized transaction. A username and password will be provided to track the person who will stock out and stock in a material. UsersEntity that has authority to use an application, equipment, facility, process, or system, or one who consumes or employs a good or service to obtain a benefit or to solve a problem, and who may or may not be the actual purchaser of the item. (http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/user. html) User w ill feel all the complexity of the system, easy to use with a user friendly interface that will let user easily understand the flow of the system Scope and limitations of the study The Computerized Inventory System is intended only for CPU Student Enterprise.This study mainly focused on providing business application using computerized system that enables business to track services and aims to provide accurate and reliable process on every transaction. This study looks into a better impact of using technology today on how it affects our daily lives especially for being a customer. With these studies it can help the beneficiaries to know the differences of using manual system to a computerized generation today. An inventory system is a system used to keep track of a business products and supplies.These programs are invaluable tools for most businesses because they are able to complete tasks quickly that would take much longer if done manually. Only the administrator has the privilege to use the computerized reservation system. It also excludes maintenance and other transactions according to the system. Significance of the Study The study will be of great use to the customers and workers of CPU Student Service Enterprise. The study, through its output, can assist the SSE in accomplishing tasks in a shorter period of time. Aside from this, the proposed system has a storage system for data retrieval of previous inventories.The proposed system utilizes the best way to organize the database type of system and to improve the services of the people involve. Moreover, the computerized system will guide the management in deciding matter involving assigning process. Manager will be informed on transaction through print out reports. Thus, the VPFE can manage well its finances and more likely to have savings with the proposed system. They can also expect that computer units built within the company have basis fact with the use of the propose system. Putting up good facilit ies can ease or minimize stress experience by the staff and work students. Chapter IIREVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES Inventory control system A process for keeping track of objects or materials. In common usage, the term may also refer to just the software components. Modern inventory control systems rely upon barcodes, and potentially RFID tags, to provide automatic identification of inventory objects. In an academic study performed at Wal-Mart, RFID reduced Out of Stocks by 30 percent for products selling between 0. 1 and 15 units a day. Inventory objects could include any kind of physical asset: merchandise, consumables, fixed assets, circulating tools, library books, or capital equipment.To record an inventory transaction, the system uses a barcode scanner or RFID reader to automatically identify the inventory object, and then collects additional information from the operators via fixed terminals (workstations), or mobile computers. Applications An inventory control sys tem may be used to automate a sales order fulfilment process. Such a system contains a list of order to be filled, and then prompts workers to pick the necessary items, and provides them with packaging and shipping information. Inventory system also manages in and outwards material of hardware.Real-time inventory control systems use wireless, mobile terminals to record inventory transactions at the moment they occur. A wireless LAN transmits the transaction information to a central database. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Inventory_control_system Golden Inventory System Golden Inventory System is an advanced inventory software designed for wholesale and manufacture businesses. This system has several advantages, including the Return Merchandise Authorization function, hierarchical groups for products, import and export functions for QuickBooks 2010, PDF and XML files, multi- urrencies and expiration dates features. This inventory software has the flexible security function. You can define access rights for each your employee. Golden Inventory system works with MS SQL Server and MS Access database files. Now, our system calculates item costs using FIFO and Average methods. You'll be able to create orders and invoices very fast and send them via email to your customers. This is very flexible software with a lot of options. This inventory software can handle more than 100'000 items. You can install free MS SQL Server Express Edition on your server andGolden Inventory software on your computers and you'll obtain a very powerful network inventory system for any size business. www. executivpro. com/ Just-in-time (JIT) is an inventory strategy that strives to improve a business's return on investment by reducing in-process inventory and associated carrying costs. Just In Time production method is also called the Toyota Production System. To meet JIT objectives, the process relies on signals or Kanban, between different points in the process, which tell production whe n to make the next part.Kanban are usually ‘tickets' but can be simple visual signals, such as the presence or absence of a part on a shelf. Implemented correctly, JIT can improve a manufacturing organization's return on investment, quality, and efficiency. Quick notice that stock depletion requires personnel to order new stock is critical to the inventory reduction at the center of JIT. This saves warehouse space and costs. However, the complete mechanism for making this work is often misunderstood. (en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Just-in-time_(business) Inventory ValuationDetermination of inventory cost is the major aspect of financial reporting. Whether the periodic or the perpetual system is used, it is necessary to use a specific method for the assignment of costs to the ending inventory as well as to the cost of goods sold. Assignment of costs can be complex because goods are usually purchased at different costs during the accounting period. Thus, there must be a consistent pro cedure in assigning costs which is called the cost-flow assumption (Eisen, 2007). There are three cost-flow assumptions that can be used: First-In, First-Out (FIFO) Method.This is based on the assumption that the first units brought are the first units sold. The oldest cost assigned to the inventory is the cost assigned to the goods first sold. Consequently, the most recent cost is assigned to the ending inventory. Although business organizations are free to choose among a number of inventory methods, many adopt FIFO simply because there is a tendency to dispose of goods in the order of their acquisition (Eisen, 2007). This method, though not as accurate as specifically identifying the item being sold, would give a close approximation of value.Last-In, Last-Out (LIFO) Method. This method assumes that the most recent cost of goods acquired should be charged at the most recent sales made. Thus, the assignment of the cost to the ending inventory represents the cost of all earlier purch ases, without regard to the order in which the goods are actually sold, since it is assumed that the goods are all the same and readily interchangeable(Eisen, 2007). Weighted Average Cost Method. This method yields a cost that is representative of the cost of the product over the entire accounting period. The weighted verage cost of a unit of inventory is determined and all units are assigned this cost. The average cost is weighted by the number of units purchased at each cost (Carroll, 2006 Eisen further notes that in accounting periods where costs remain relatively constant, the FIFO method is probably the most appropriate. If it is important that replacement costsrelate as closely as possible to the cost of the goods sold, the LIFO method is better. The weighted average method is a third option, even though it does not necessarily bring about the matching of costs and revenue. Its simplicity may have a ost-saving effect. Summary Every business big or small, is in need of inventor y system for keeping tracks of records and specifically storing essential data in which could be reviewed and monitored by the manager. There are many ways and approaches to the inventory strategy. Inventory system is the heart of the business. The main advantage of the system that I will be going to develop is it will provide a computer generated output of the inventory a whole lot faster and accurate. Chapter III METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY Figure 3. 0 Modified Iterative Waterfall Model ( www. nfolab. stanford. edu) In the development of the system, the researchers followed the phases of a Waterfall Method with the combination of an Iterative Model. The model is illustrated in figure 3. System Analysis The first phase that the researchers undertake is the system analysis which includes initial investigation and data gathering to prove the viability of the system. An interview (which is an interactive tool) with the management and employees of the organization was also conducted and a t the same time the group observed how their transactions work.It is also in this phase where the group observed and interacted with the users to further understand what information users need to perform their jobs. It is in this phase wherein other forms of interactive tools were used such as observation of the users involved and the organization’s environment. Requirement Definition In the requirement definition phase includes the definition of problems, objectives and estimation of scopes and limitations after the gathered data was summarized. During this phase wherein the researchers identified the information requirements for particular users involved.As an output the group had a deeper understanding of how the business function and have the complete information of the people, goals, data, and procedures involved. Interactive tools are used to accomplish tasks in this phase, observation and interviewing the people involved. System Design System analysis leads to design d ecision, which exactly determines how the system operates in terms of process, data, hardware, network infrastructures, user Interface and other important factors in the system environment. System DevelopmentIn this stage where the coding phases will start. Application software will be used in the development of the system. It is in this phase includes the programming of the system such as coding and program testing and to add more to that this phase also comprises the development or implementation of the system design. Microsoft Visual Basic 6. 0 is used as the development tool for the front end and MySQL Server 5. 0 as the back end. Photoshop and Corel Draw serve as an enhancement tool for the GUI and with the Corel Draw it.In this phase a constant interaction with the users is done to gather comments/feedbacks, validation and suggestions of the system design and layouts. Testing and Maintenance The testing and maintenance stage includes the preliminary implementation of the syste m together with the users and programmers using sample data or accurate data of the current system. A series of test is undergone to pinpoint neglected or unseen problems of the system before it will be handed down to the organization for operational implementation. The system documentation begins in this phase.The system manual or documentation includes all the necessary information that will guide the users about the systems functionality. System Implementation This is probably the most resource, cost and time-consuming phase of all. This is when the system is actually built, tested, and finally installed. It also includes activities such as user training and system maintenance. Some experts like to separate them into different phases Deploymentand Maintenance. However the four phases are the most commonly known and accepted steps. Gantt ChartPHASE| Activities| Mar| Apr| May| Jun| July| ExpectedOutput| Planning| Understanding why the system should be built| | | | | | Give the best solution and easy access to the system| Requirements| Adjustment and changes from the users to the system being developed| | | | | | Well Developed System| Design| Architecture design of the System| | | | | | Should be user friendly| Implementation| The system is actually built| | | | | | Ensured and well runned system| Test| The System Is Being Tested| | | | | | Completely functioning | Maintenance| Undergo Some Changes| | | | | | System Run Successfully| References Internet Sources (http://www. twente. nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20clusters/Communication%20Processes/System_Theory. doc/ (http://www. whitman. edu/mathematics/SeniorProjectArchive/2006/zapponj2. pdf (http://www. inventorymanagement. com/2007/07/inventory-management-definition. html (http://www. answers. com/topic/computer-security) (http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/user. html) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Inventory_control_system http://www. executivpro. com/ (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Just-i n-time_(business) ( www. infolab. stanford. edu What Is an Inventory System? | eHow. com  http://www. ehow. com/facts_5518826_inventory-system. tml#ixzz21dQmNn9Z What Is an Inventory System? | eHow. com  http://www. ehow. com/facts_5518826_inventory-system. html#ixzz21dR2Cuo 8 http://www. studymode. com/essays/Inventory-System-634220. html? topic http://sample-thesis. blogspot. com/2009/09/enhancement-of-pharmact-inventory. html http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Systems_theory Context Diagram of the Current System Staff/Work Student Book Keeper Manual Inventory System Record Record Counts items Item info Printed Inventory record VPFEData Flow Diagram Level 0 of the Current System Staff/Work Student Record Counts Item 2. 0 Counting and Classifying Of Items 1. 0 Record Item Info Record Item Info 3. 0 Determines Price List VPFE D1 Item_Journal Printed Record Recorded Item Info 5. 0 Print Inventory Record 4. 0 Encode Items in Excel Book Keeper Record Item List Recorded In Excel Item I nfo Context Diagram of the Proposed System D1Item_DBMS Item Info SSE Computerized Inventory System Book Keeper Staff/Work StudentUsername Inventory Password Records Printed Inventory Records VPFE Data Flow Diagram Level 0 of the Proposed System 1. 0 Encode Item Info 2. 0 Calculate all Item Prices Staff/Work Student Username Item List Password Item Info Calculated Price List Price List D1 Item_DBMS Book Keeper Inventory 4. 0 Print Inventory Records 3. 0 Check Inventory Records VPFE Printed Check Inventory Inventory RecordsRecords

Businesses Processes Are the Most Important at Summit Electric Supply Essay

1. Which businesses processes are the most important at Summit Electric Supply? Why? There are several business processes that were used by the Summit Electric Supply company. Among them the important ones are: 1) ERP software from SAP-> Scalability and investors visibility was the two factors most important to the company and both these factors were very well tackled by the ERP software.SAP functionality in sales and distribution, materials management and financials greatly benefited the company to boost its distribution capacity. 2) SAP’s NetWeaver BW – For Business Intelligence reporting and analysis this process was used. This helped the company to evaluate the profitability of its sales channels,using what-if solutions. 3) The â€Å"Batch management† process- Wires and cable are Summit most important product category. It buys these products in reels of length 5000 feet and then cuts them into various lengths and sells to the customers which make it difficult to maintain the inventory of this product. The batch management process removed the problem of maintaining the inventory of such products. 2. What problems did Summit have with its old systems? What was the business impact of those problems? There were a few problems that Summit went through with when they were using the old legacy systems. Some of the few problems they came across were— The old system caused them to have delay with their supplies. Also the system was complicated as it would separate different categories of products which eventually was difficult to combine when needed. The business impact from the problems was that the system was not able to keep up with the fast growing business. It limited the business as it was only able to handle a few range of numbers and location at a time. 3. How did Summit’s ERP system improve operational efficiency and decisions making? Give several examples. Summit’s ERP system improved operational efficiency and decisions making by advancing operations. It made the processing faster and distributed the supplies on time. With the old system the Summit had to do a huge amount of manual work. The employees would have to go into details with the customers just to find specific manufactures to identify a product. Once they have done that they would have to put it into Microsoft excel spreadsheet. The whole old system was too much time consuming. For example collecting and reviewing all the invoices manually would take up to a month and the company would have stacks of papers of the copies of the invoices to give to their vendors. Now the new ERP system has improved it. They are now able to produce more data quickly and they are able to view them more often. The ERP system has helped provide tools to help the company evaluate the sales channel with what-if scenarios. For example, now that the company uses this tool, they are now able to evaluate profitability by the branch, sale person, customers, and manufacture. Now the exposure to the internal working of the system, on how its operations are performed have been greatly enhanced which in turn makes the company and the management to make important decisions. 4. Describe two ways in which Summit’s customers benefit from the new ERP system. One way that the Summit’s customers are benefitting from the new ERP system is that they can rely on the company for their needs and products. The company is now more efficient with the new ERP system. The company wants the customers to feel that they can provide what all they have produced —all the products which the customers want are being dispatched to them in a short time period. Also customers can track their order status and from which manufacture it came from. Large customers that have long-term job sites are benefitting from the new system as well. The company built temporary warehouses on-site to supply the customers with its electrical products. They create what they call parent-child warehouse relationship to be able to work with the customers. That means that if a Summit’s office has more than a few temporary on-site warehouses than the warehouse can be controlled like subparts of the main Summits warehouse. With this system, it helps to prevent anybody from selling the consigned inventory into the warehouse. 5. Diagram Summit’s old and new process for handling chargebacks. The old process for handling chargebacks had so many flaws in it due to which the company was losing on revenue opportunities and sometime barely making any profit. Processing chargeback in the old system was very much manual. You have to compare the sales to contract. This means that a distributor can have up to hundreds maybe thousands of contracts. They have to identify the chargeback and which manufacturer with enough documentation of the contract. They would have to go through the customers invoices for detailed manufacturers to identify which chargeback they could have claimed. Then after identifying they would have to put the chargeback details in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. The new process for handling chargebacks was more efficient. It automatically review Summit’s billing activity for the day and the compares it to all chargebacks agreements loaded in the SAP system by the end of every day. Whenever there was a match in the system they were able to claim. The system is after identifying the claimable chargebacks were able to create a separate chargeback document outside the consumer invoice. The system is able to process chargeback more quickly and is able to review it within the same day. Since it is fully automated, the company increased its claim by 118 percent over the old system.

Course Content Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Course Content Portfolio - Essay Example The course objectives described in the Syllabus describe the tangible application of theory as it applies to the health organization. My lesson plan objectives iterate the tangible steps by which these fundamental learnings will be absorbed and discussed. It is not only the structured hierarchies and systems in place that determine human behavior, it is the attitudes, loyalty structures, interpersonal relationship developments, ego versus emotional humility, and even socio-economic differences that distinguish accepted values related to power distance and manager/subordinate relationships. My plan objectives describe the importance of understanding advanced level psychology and social studies in order to achieve the ultimate goal of successfully persevering and thriving amid difficult or challenging health care environments. My secondary objective is to provide students with specific knowledge regarding organizational structure and organizational politics to ensure students recognize the complexity of human relationships. It is necessary to understand the real-life systems and organizational hierarchies that exist and how these have inter-dependencies which directly influence quality of relationships and political authority chains. My main objective is to teach students how to behave in quality and less-than-quality environments, thus giving an emphasis on teaching as it relates to self-restraint, behavioral modification, and professionalism. It flows from the objectives listed on the syllabus by highlighting the specific obligations and responsibilities of the student when dealing with conflict scenarios or stern authority actors in the organization. The Instructional Approach Role playing exercises are the most fundamental method of learning to facilitate the transition from understanding theory to practical application within the health care organization. Role playing creates a story by which student actors are offered diversity in multiple roles of subordin ation and authority. Harris (2007, p. 111) identifies that â€Å"stories resonate with life experiences and remind people of how they fit into their culture and connect to others’ culture.† The University of Wisconsin (1995) further supported that when the student is put into the role of educator, they are more likely to be engaged and achieve comprehension of what is being taught, as was described in the course syllabus. I will be providing a forum for diverse expression within a variety of instructor-led scenarios to improve retention and serve as an assessment tool as to whether or not students are grasping the concepts of transforming theory to application. Role playing also improves empathy toward others, increases confidence and self-esteem, and decreases inhibitions (Parrish, 2004). These are necessary behavior patterns required to exhibit emotional intelligence and restraint when decorum demands it in difficult health care situations and they require my talents to effectively teach. Nourse (1995) offers that students will often embrace the teachings of guest speakers as it enhances classroom variety and adds â€Å"

Hygiene Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hygiene - Essay Example Hygiene simply refers to a science that deals with the preservation of health. Hygiene can also be identified as a set of practices that are associated with, or help in the preservation of health. Hygiene recommendations and requirements will vary under different situations both in society and in the medical field. This is because the perception of hygiene among different ethnic groups or cultures may vary and also the hygiene recommendations in a particular field of medicine may vary from those in a different field. The main reason why hygiene is emphasized on in the medical field is because it reduces the risk of spreading diseases. It controls the multiplication and spread of organisms that cause diseases in everyday life settings. There are different types of hygiene that are essential in the preservation of health, for example, hand hygiene. This is the most common societal form of hygiene. It is also referred to as hand washing and health experts recommend the washing of hands with a hand sanitizer such as soap. Hand hygiene is essential in preventing the spread of diseases in everyday life because the hands come in to contact with many things, such as unclean surfaces, and for this reason, it so happens that hands are more prone to transferring bacteria that will cause diseases. Other forms of hygiene may include food hygiene, laundry hygiene, and personal hygiene among many others. In the field of medicine, hygiene is summed up in to medical hygiene. This refers to the practices which regulate the administration of medicine and medical care. The main agenda of medical hygiene is to minimize the spread of diseases or even to prevent diseases from spreading. For example, if there is a patient who has been diagnosed or is showing symptoms of a particular infectious disease, then the prudent medical hygiene procedure that should be followed is isolation. The medical term used for isolation is quarantine. Hand hygiene is also pertinent to medical hygiene. Me dical practitioners are required to wash their hands before handling a patient. This requirement is emphasized more when one is about to enter an operating room but the role that hand hygiene plays in the general hospital or health care setting cannot be overlooked because some bacteria that spread diseases are easily transmittable. In the 20th century, an outbreak of a number of highly infectious and deadly diseases was experienced. One such disease was Ebola. The rate of transmission of these viruses necessitated the tightening of medical hygiene and since then, such practices as proper disposal of medical waste is a key element in medical hygiene. The Role of Hygiene in Adult Nursing Adult nursing is the field of nursing which deals with and cares for adult patients who are suffering from acute and long term illnesses and diseases (Baughan & Smith, 2009). An adult nurse’s primary duty is to support the patient in their recovery process. This kind of support is offered by t he use of care plans, and by carrying out care procedures and assessment. Apart from this, the adult nurse should educate the patient on how they can promote good health. This is where hygiene comes in. Hygiene is important in adult nursing and any other kinds of medical practice because it also helps the patient to recover from the diseases or illnesses that they are suffering from (Bullock, Clark & Marlone, 2012, p. 344). It is evident that adults, especially those who are well advanced in age, have immune systems and bodies which are more prone to diseases. This is because the immune system weakens gradually as the body itself ages. When an adult patient is infected by disease causing bacteria, they are

The Economics of Crime. The Determinants of Rates of Crime in England Essay

The Economics of Crime. The Determinants of Rates of Crime in England and Wales - Essay Example Crime has been taken as a social issue and discussion on economics of crime follows. The crime incidence of England and Wales has been taken as the real world scenario. The market model of crime determines the expectations of the participants on probability of getting victimized. It has been found out that the elasticity of the supply and demand curve have a major role to play. In order to deal with the effect of crimes, the public enforcement laws can be made more stringent as that will reduce the opportunity cost of committing crimes and pay-off will get reduced. Aims and objectives of the study The overall aim of the project is to show the relevance of the economic analysis to real world scenario. The micro or the macro theory is used by the policy makers. There is no simple solution to the major social issues and the aim of the project is not to provide readymade remedies. The aim is not to take into account the fine details of the different policies of the government that relate s to social issues but the concrete aim of the study is to witness the way economists analyze problems relating to social issues. The aim is to show the use of economics in the vast fields and economics cannot be encircled only in business. Economics of crime The aim of the project is to determine the determinants of rates of crime in England and Wales. Some researchers put out their views by providing a framework in which they provide an economic analysis of crime. They assumed that the offenders are economically rational as well as utility maximizing. They predicted crime can be kept in check through stringent law enforcement polices as high prices for crime commitment would act as the disincentive for the offenders to participate in illegal activities (Winter, 2008). On the other hand if the labour market does not provide job opportunities the potential offenders would get involved in criminal activities as it reduces the opportunity cost of doing such activities. Following the i nferences many scholars were interested in empirically testing the predicted relationship between crime and variables which can influence the offender’s decision by affecting the costs and benefits of crime commitment (Eide, Rubin, Mehlop, 2006). The analysis has distinct implications for the purpose of policy analysis. The response towards crime is one of the priorities for governments. It is necessary to understand the effective control of crime and the interaction between crime and the various social factors. Crime can be reduced by increasing the income level of the offenders and if the empirical tests on the crime rates in England and Wales can confirm the validity of the predictions, it can be stated that economic growth can act as the effective way to reduce the frequency of crime (Peltzman, and Fiorentini, 1997). Effective control of crime through economic growth will be less costly for the government as economic prosperity is indeed the aim of the government (Freeman , 1999). The reduction of the rates of crime is a positive side effect of good conditions within the economy (Benson, 2010). The decision of committing crime is analyzed on the basis of cost. According to BBC Magazine the average cost of keeping an offender in prison for a year sums up to 50,000 pounds. The champions of community punishment point their effectiveness stating the reoffending crime rates to be at 36% compared to 60% among those released after short term punishments. Decision to commit crime: An individual can earn 100 pounds in legal

The Real-Political World in Movies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Real-Political World in Movies - Essay Example Episode 18, La Palabra, looks at the challenges and pressures that the media mounts on individuals in power, especially when it comes to controversial issues that require someone in a position of leadership to take a stand. The episode focuses on issues of healthcare and whether to give illegal immigrants driving licenses or not. This is reminiscent of real-life politics since healthcare continually plays a critical role in shaping the credibility of a leader, or the overall manifesto that an aspiring leader is presenting to the people. As an illustration, Obama’s Obamacare was viewed as being revolutionary by some, while being loathed by others. In all, his stance on healthcare is one of the major pillars that define his leadership up to now. On the other hand, the issue of illegal immigration is one of the major headaches affecting most European nations. Almost all leaders and individuals in powerful positions have something to say about illegal immigrants. The most vivid is Tramp’s stand on illegal Mexican immigrants, which led to him being in the mainstream media for quite some time. In all, this just highlights how the issue of illegal immigration is a major facet of the political landscape. Consequently, this shows how La Palabra touches on issues that are easily relatable to the real-life political world. Similarly, King Corn looks at the various intrigues affecting the lives of congressmen and other individuals in busy political offices. The episode is full of the intrigues that these individuals go through.

Comparison of the Old World Values to the New World Values in Bread Essay

Comparison of the Old World Values to the New World Values in Bread Givers - Essay Example Sara fought towards attaining independence and self-fulfillment. The writer chooses his title significantly because it shows how women struggle to provide for their families. Anzia writes about young girls who struggle to be independent by breaking traditions. Sara says, â€Å"The more I start to review my inner self, I do not want some day to make myself for a person and among people .† Sara father is the only man in the house and should the sole breadwinner in the according to the religion. Sara’s father ironically prefers to read Torah and believe in heavenly promises rather to work for the family. AnziaYezieska wrote even about her own life where she sacrifices for children and husband. Education and career was for men only who do not make any money. Mashah despairs as her husband makes no money and has to struggle hard to make ends meet. We see the inch-by-inch improvement of the family’s practices, just as a tidy table linen changes to be hard work’s treasured reward. The difference between the cultural values of the daughter and the father shows how the Europeans (old world) differed from those of the United States (new world). Religious values in the two the world where different. Sara’s father believed in just sitting down and reading Toran and other Gods teaching to humanity. Sarah in the other side has seen the light has a sense of independence. Everything we get in life we must work for it and religion is the one thing that unites not separating people. Religion also did not give room for women to be part of it. â€Å"The prayers of his daughters did not count because God did not listen to women,† just as it was in these religious minds.... â€Å"What’s a woman without a man? Less than nothing. A blotted out the existence, no life on earth, just as there is no satisfaction in heaven3† (205). The American world gave a chance to women to prove they are able to do. â€Å"In America, women do not need men to boss them† (137). Sara went to school and defiled her father’s wishes so that she can be independent and free.† In America,Torah learning; here individuals have to earn a living first.† The old world also required daughters and women to get married or work for their families without getting any education. Husbands and marriages were decided by their fathers, and there was no other option but to respect it. Every daughter in the family fell in love, but their father frustrated their relationship except for Sara who chose to run away and find her independent life. The Jewish never believed in love, happiness, and forgiveness. Sara says she rather dies than to be forced to a marriage she did not want. She tells her sister â€Å"I do not want to get married. I have set out to do something, and I am going to do if even if it kills me†. United States of America gave chances to women. They went to schools, as be men and do whatever they wanted with their lives. Happiness is the priority of every American. Sara compares knowledge and love and how thrilling now it is that, she is wanted for her work but not a man. Jennifer Hochschild defines the American dream as the promise held out to each American that they get significant chance of attaining prosperity by their own effort. Anzia the author of the believed that independence was a dream of every woman. She had to defy the odds and search for independence to attain that American dream. Sara runs away from home to be free and